Figure 2. Comparing exosome yields from different commercial purification methods. Intact exosomes were purified from 5 mL urine using Norgen's Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Midi Kit (Cat# 58700), Competitor S's kit, and Competitor L's kit. Exosomes purified using Norgen's kit were resuspended in 400 µL Norgen's ExoR buffer, diluted 1:1,000 and visualized on the NanoSight LM10 instrument. The analysis shows that Norgens kit isolated 115 nm exosomes with a recovery of 8.36 x 10⁹ particles/mL urine samples. No impurities were found to be contaminating the exosomes purified using Norgen's Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Midi kit. Additionally, exosomes with a broader size range covering from 75nm to 250nm were purified from 5 mL urine with a higher concentration as compared to the other two methods.

Figure 3. Comparing exosome profiles from Norgen’s method and ultracentrifugation. Exosomes purified using Norgens kit and ultracentrifugation were resuspended in 400 µL of Norgens ExoR buffer, diluted 1:1,000 and visualized on the NanoSight LM10 instrument. The analysis shows that Norgens kit purified exosomes with sizes ranging from 65 nm - 195 nm, with a total recovery of 7.63 x 10⁸ particles/mL. No impurities were found to be contaminating the exosomes purified using Norgen's Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Midi Kit as opposed to the exosomes purified using ultracentrifugation, which purified exosomes with larger particle sizes ranging from 125 nm to 235 nm with a total recovery of 1.56 x 10⁸ particles/mL.

Figure 4. Isolation of RNA from exosomes purified from different urine volumes. Norgen's Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Midi Kit (Cat# 58700) was used to isolate RNA from exosomes purified from different urine volumes using the same kit. 2 µL of the isolated RNA was then used as the template in RT-qPCR reactions to assess the amplification of the isolated urinary exosomal miR-30a. (A) The avg. Ct value for urinary exosomal miR-30a is linearly decreasing with increasing the sample input volume. B) The relative amount of the urinary exosomal miR-30a shows excellent linearity with a percentage of recovery of more than 90%.

Figure 5. Isolation of RNA from exosomes purified from different urine volumes. Norgen's Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Maxi Kit (Cat# 58800) was used to isolate RNA from exosomes purified from different urine volumes using the same kit. 2 µL of the isolated RNA was then used as the template in RT-qPCR reactions to assess the amplification of the isolated urinary exosomal miR-30a. (A) The avg. Ct value for urinary exosomal miR-30a is linearly decreasing with increasing the sample input volume. B) The relative amount of the urinary exosomal miR-30a shows excellent linearity with a percentage of recovery of more than 90%.