Overview

Chlamydia trachomatis, the causative agent of Chlamydia, is a Gram negative bacteria. Transmission of the bacteria occurs via contact with infected bodily fluids which then infect mucosal membranes. It can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy and infect the eyes causing conjunctivitis. The genital infection causes urethritis, epididymitis and prostatitis in males and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) in females with an increased risk of contracting HIV. The infection can be treated with a course of antibiotics. Sexually transmitted infections in females are most often asymptomatic, but can be noticeable in chronic pain of the pelvic region, vaginal bleeding and painful urination. Infection of the ovaries, fallopian tubes or uterus causes Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) which can lead to difficulties in conceiving, increased risk of ectopic pregnancy or infertility. Infections in males are more likely to be symptomatic, causing painful urination, discharge from the penis and swollen testicles and may eventually cause infertility if left untreated.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative coccus of the Neisseria genus. N. gonorrhoeae is usually seen in pairs infecting human cells. It has a circular DNA genome of approximately 1Mbp encoding over 2000 genes. N. gonorrhoeae is transmitted by sexual contact and usually causes infection in cells of the mucous membrane of the male urethra or the endocervix and urethra in females. During infection, polysaccharides are released from the bacteria that stimulate host cell production of tumour necrosis factors that cause an inflammatory response. There is no vaccine against N. gonorrhoeae infection and antibiotic resistance is beginning to increase, therefore treatment includes a course of antibiotics that will be effective against resistant strains. Complications in males caused by the infection can result in prostatitis or orchitis if the bacteria spread. In females, invasion of the fallopian tubes or ovaries can result in salpingitis or ovaritis respectively, with any of these infections possibly resulting in sterility.

For research use only and NOT intended for in vitro diagnostics.

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Supporting Data

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TaqMan PCR Kit - Figure 1. Example of TaqMan PCR Positive result. Both PCR signals (FAM and Cy5) above the baseline from FAM, Cy5 and HEX channel indicate the successful PCR.

TaqMan PCR Kit - Figure 2. Example of TaqMan PCR Positive (Cy5) result. Both PCR signals above the baseline from Cy5 and HEX channel indicate the successful PCR.

TaqMan PCR Kit - Figure 3. Example of TaqMan PCR Positive (FAM) result. Both PCR signals above the baseline from FAM and HEX channel indicate the successful PCR.  

TaqMan PCR Kit - Figure 4. Example of TaqMan PCR Negative result. No target DNA was detected in FAM and Cy5 channel but amplification signal from HEX indicates the successful PCR.

TaqMan PCR Kit - Figure 5. Example of TaqMan PCR inhibition result. No signal from FAM, Cy5 and HEX channel was detected. It is suggested to repeat the sample preparation using recommended kit for DNA purification.

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